In what type of containers is Scotch typically fermented?

Scotch whisky is typically fermented in washbacks, which are large vessels specifically designed for the fermentation process. Washbacks are crucial in converting the sugars from malted barley into alcohol through the action of yeast, which ferments the mash. They are traditionally made of wood, though some modern distilleries may use stainless steel. The fermentation process in washbacks is essential for developing the flavor profile of the whisky, as it allows for the production of esters and other compounds that contribute to the final taste of the spirit.

The other types of containers mentioned have distinct roles in the whisky production process but are not used for fermentation. Open vessels might allow for wild yeast to influence fermentation, but they are not a standard practice in Scotch whisky production due to concerns about contamination and variability. Barrels are used for maturation, where Scotch whisky ages and develops its flavors, while steel tanks can be used for storage or other processes but are not the traditional choice for fermentation. This distinction emphasizes why washbacks are specifically associated with the fermentation phase in Scotch whisky production.